In a recent report by the International Energy Agency (IEA) titled "Global Energy Overview 2017," it was highlighted that the global electric vehicle (EV) population reached 2 million in 2016, marking a significant milestone in the transition toward sustainable transportation. China has emerged as the leading market for electric vehicles, capturing over 40% of global sales in that year. The country has made remarkable progress, with more than 200 million electric two-wheelers and over 300,000 four-wheelers on the road, solidifying its position as a global leader in electrification.
Together, China, the United States, and Europe accounted for more than 90% of global EV sales, showing strong adoption across major economies. Several countries are accelerating their EV rollouts, with Norway leading the way, where electric vehicles made up 29% of the market—by far the highest share globally. The Netherlands followed closely at 6.4%, and Sweden at 3.4%. These figures demonstrate a growing global shift toward cleaner mobility.
Looking ahead, the IEA predicts that electric vehicles will move from early adoption to mainstream markets within the next decade. Automakers have also set ambitious targets: by 2020, global EV numbers are expected to reach between 9 million and 20 million, and by 2025, this could surge to 40–70 million. However, in 2016, electric vehicles still only represented 0.2% of all light passenger cars, indicating there is still a long way to go before they can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
According to the IEA’s analysis, to keep global temperature rise below 2°C by the end of the century, the number of electric vehicles worldwide must reach 600 million by 2024. Cities play a crucial role in this transition, often driving higher EV adoption rates due to environmental concerns. For instance, Paris launched the Autolib car-sharing program, allowing residents to recharge electric vehicles at public stations. Amsterdam encourages charging infrastructure by permitting residents to install public charging points in parking lots. London has also supported EV growth by reducing congestion charges for electric drivers.
Fleet procurement has proven to be an effective strategy for promoting early EV adoption. Both public and private sectors are investing heavily in electric vehicles. In the U.S., cities like Los Angeles, Seattle, San Francisco, and Portland have added over 110,000 electric vehicles to their public fleets, including police cars, sweepers, and garbage trucks. This effort complements the 160,000 EVs sold in the U.S. in 2016, showing the scale of the movement.
China is also pushing forward with its own EV agenda, aiming for a 30% electric vehicle share in the sedan, light commercial vehicle, bus, and truck markets by 2030. Alongside this, the country is accelerating the development of charging infrastructure to support widespread adoption.
Looking ahead, the cost of electric vehicles is expected to decrease, making them even more accessible and further boosting their popularity. As technology advances and governments continue to support clean energy initiatives, the future of transportation seems increasingly electric.
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