Recently, many consumers purchasing new homes have expressed concerns about renovations. Beyond the primary focus on design and aesthetics, home wiring is equally important to homeowners. Although it may seem like a minor detail, home wiring is a highly specialized and complex task that often goes beyond the scope of what most network companies are willing to take on—unless it’s a large-scale community-wide project. Smaller projects are particularly challenging due to their intricate nature and the level of expertise required.
To offer some guidance for those planning their home wiring, I’d like to share a few tips that might help address your concerns. My aim is to provide clarity and ensure that you’re well-informed before proceeding with your project.
First, let's discuss the calculations involved:
1. **Statistical Information Points:** Begin by listing the rooms and their respective point distributions in a table.
2. **Determine Lengths:** Consider whether any areas require longer wiring runs. If so, identify where secondary wiring points should be installed. This decision will impact the number of switches needed.
3. **Direction Planning:** Plan the layout and routing of the wiring to avoid obstacles and maximize efficiency.
4. **Bridge Selection:** Determine the appropriate models and lengths for bridges at different locations using the formula: (length × width) × 0.4/28. Common bridge sizes include 300 × 100, 200 × 100, 100 × 100, 100 × 50, and 50 × 50. Customized options may be necessary for unique requirements.
Note: If multiple bridges of the same model are required, calculate the length for each individually and sum them up at the end.
5. **Pipe Calculations:** For 25mm and 20mm pipes, typically 6 lines fit into 25mm and 4 lines into 20mm. Using the average distance from the bridge to the terminal for a specific information point, calculate the total length of 20mm pipes. Generally, 2/3 of the total length will be 20mm, while 1/3 will be 25mm.
6. **Angle Steel (30×30):** The length of angle steel equals 30cm multiplied by the total bridge length divided by 1.5m. This means an angle steel piece is required approximately every 1.5 meters.
7. **Keel (75 × 45):** The length of the keel equals 70cm multiplied by the total number of points divided by 2. Typically, keels are arranged in a double-mouth configuration.
8. **Accessories:** Calculate the cost of additional items such as keel clips, pipe joints, boxes, rivets, and hacksaws as 10% of the total accessory price.
9. **Base Box (86×86):** The number of base boxes equals the total number of points divided by 2.
Secondly, let's move on to material calculations:
1. **Cable Calculations:** Use the formula: (farthest + nearest)/2 × points × 1.1/305. Here, the farthest point refers to the distance from the server room to the information point, while the nearest point is typically around 20 meters. The number of points represents the total number of information points covered from the server room. Include an extra 10% buffer for contingencies, and divide the total by 305 meters per cable box.
If there are sub-wiring closets, calculate them separately using the same formula. Add the cables required for the main server room, sub-wiring closets, and the cascading cables connecting the sub-wiring closets to the main server room.
2. **Module Calculations:** The number of modules equals the total number of information points.
3. **Dual-Mouth Panels:** The number of dual-mouth panels equals the total number of points divided by 2.
4. **48-Port Distribution Frame:** Divide the total number of points by 48. If there are sub-wiring closets, calculate them separately and then sum up the results, adding 4U for each.
5. **Line Manager Calculations:** For a 48-port patch panel, line managers are not required (self-provided). However, if there are sub-wiring closets, calculate them separately, adding 1U for each.
6. **Cabinet Jumpers (2m):** Calculate the jumpers from the patch panel to the switch plus the cascading cables between switches.
7. **Workstation Jumpers:** The total number of points determines the number of workstation jumpers.
8. **RJ45 Heads:** Multiply the gap jumpers and workstation jumpers by 2, then multiply by 1.1 for additional coverage.
9. **RJ45 Head Sheaths:** Equal to the number of RJ45 heads.
10. **Large Logarithms:** Add the distance from the weak electrical well to the server room via the bridge plus any excess length (since large logarithms cannot be directly connected).
11. **110DW2-100FT Distribution Frame (2U):** One for every 100 pairs.
12. **110 Over Trough:** Matches the number of 110 patch panels.
13. **110 Backplane (4U):** Equals the number of 110DW2-100FT distribution frames divided by 2.
14. **110C4 Connection Block (10 per pack):** Each 100-pair large logarithm consists of four parts, each with 25 pairs, requiring 5 C4 connection blocks and 1 C5 connection block.
15. **110C5 Connection Block (10 per pack):** Required for 100-pair large logarithms.
16. **Telephone Jumper (per 100 meters):** Each phone jumper requires 1.5 meters.
17. **RJ11 Head:** The number of RJ11 heads depends on the number of telephones, such as 200 RJ11 heads for 200 telephones.
18. **Telephone Cabinet (200 times):** Based on the number of telephone points.
19. **Cabinets (42U, 24U):** Calculate the height (U) for 48 patch panels, line managers, RJ11 patch panels, switches, and servers.
Lastly, let's talk about fiber optic configurations:
Explanation: There is a central server room on the second floor, and a sub-wiring room on the fourth and seventh floors. Each sub-wiring room has six-core indoor multimode fibers.
Modular Connection Method: Requires optical fiber consumables and ST multimode fiber optic connectors.
Splicing Method: Single-chip multimode ST pigtails are not required, nor are optical fiber consumables or ST multimode fiber optic connectors.
The above are some calculation methods and techniques for home wiring installations. I hope this helps!
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