A lot of consumers who buy new homes often plan to renovate them. While decorating is a major concern, home wiring is equally important. Home wiring might seem like a minor detail, but it’s a highly technical and complex project, especially when done within a typical home renovation setting. Most network companies avoid taking on such small-scale projects, except for large-scale community-wide cabling initiatives.
For those looking for guidance on home wiring, I’d like to offer some practical advice to help clarify any confusion.
First, let's go over the calculations needed:
1. **Calculate Accessory Requirements**:
- Make a list of all information points in different rooms and fill out a distribution chart.
- Determine if any sub-wiring rooms are necessary and adjust the number of switches accordingly.
- Decide on the layout direction and the appropriate models and lengths of bridges at each location. To calculate the length of bridges, use the formula: (Length × Width) × 0.4/28. Common bridge sizes include 300 × 100, 200 × 100, 100 × 100, 100 × 50, and 50 × 50. Custom-sized bridges may be needed for specific cases.
*Note*: If multiple bridges have the same model, calculate their lengths separately and sum them up at the end.
2. **Determine the Number of Pipes**:
- For 25mm pipes, six lines can fit, while four lines fit into 20mm pipes. On average, an information point requires about two-thirds of its connection via 20mm pipes and one-third via 25mm pipes.
3. **Calculate Angle Steel (30×30)**:
- The length of angle steel = 30cm × (Total length of bridges ÷ 1.5m), meaning an average of 30cm per angle steel, with one required every 1.5m.
4. **Keel Calculations (75 × 45)**:
- Length of keel = 70cm × (Total number of points ÷ 2), with each keel being 70cm long, typically arranged as double-mouth panels.
5. **Accessories like Keel Clips, Pipe Joints, Boxes, Rivets, and Hacksaws**:
- These can be calculated as 10% of the total cost of accessories.
6. **Base Box (86×86)**:
- Number of base boxes = Total points ÷ 2.
Next, let’s move on to material calculations:
1. **Cable Calculations**:
- Formula: (Farthest + Nearest)/2 × Points × 1.1/305.
- Farthest refers to the distance from the server room to the information point.
- Nearest information point is generally around 20 meters from the server room.
- Points refer to the total number of information points covered from the server room. If there’s a sub-wiring room, the number of points covered starts from the sub-wiring room.
- The 0.1 in 1.1 accounts for a 10% buffer. The 305 represents the standard length of each cable box.
If there are sub-wiring rooms, calculate them separately using the same formula. This includes the cables from the main server room to the information points, from the sub-wiring room to the information points, and the cascading cables connecting the sub-wiring room to the main server room.
2. **Module Calculations**:
- Number of modules = Total number of information points.
3. **Dual-Mouth Panels**:
- Total points ÷ 2.
4. **48-Port Distribution Frame Calculations**:
- Total points ÷ 48. If there are sub-wiring rooms, calculate them separately, adding the results together and then adding 4U.
5. **Line Manager Calculations**:
- For 48-port patch panels, no line manager is required (self-provided), but if there’s a sub-wiring room, calculate separately. Add 1U.
6. **Cabinet Jumpers (2m)**:
- Jumpers from the patch panel to the switch + the cascading cables between switches.
7. **Workstation Jumpers**:
- Total number of points.
8. **RJ45 Heads**:
- (Gap jumpers + workstation jumpers) × 2 × 1.1.
9. **RJ45 Head Sheaths**:
- Number of RJ45 heads.
10. **Three Types of Large Logarithms**:
- Distance from the weak electrical well through the bridge to the server room + richness (because large logarithms cannot be directly connected).
11. **110DW2-100FT Distribution Frame (2U)**:
- One for 100 pairs.
12. **110 Over the Trough**:
- Same as the number of 110 patch panels.
13. **110 Backplane (4U)**:
- For: 110DW2-100FT distribution frame number ÷ 2.
14. **110C4 Connection Block (10 per pack)**:
- 100-pair 110DW2-100FT patch panel consists of four parts, each with 25 pairs, requiring five C4 connection blocks and one C5 connection block. Thus, 100 pairs of large logarithms require 20 C4 connection blocks and four C5 connection blocks.
15. **110C5 Connection Block (10 per pack)**:
- For: 100DW2-100FT patch panel number ÷ 2.
16. **Telephone Jumpers (per 100 meters)**:
- Each phone jumper requires 1.5 meters.
17. **RJ11 Heads**:
- Based on the number of telephones, e.g., 200 phones (200 pairs of large logarithms) require 200 RJ11 heads.
18. **Telephone Cabinets (200 times)**:
- Based on the number of telephone points.
19. **Cabinets (42U, 24U)**:
- Calculate the height (U) based on the number of 48 patch panels, line managers, RJ11 patch panels, switches, and servers.
Finally, regarding fiber optic configurations:
- Example: A central server room on the second floor has one sub-wiring room. There are sub-wiring rooms on the fourth and seventh floors, each with six-core indoor multi-mode fibers.
- Modular Connection Method: Requires optical fiber consumables and ST multimode fiber optic connectors.
- Splicing Method: Single-chip multi-mode ST pigtails and optical fiber consumables are not required.
These are just a few examples of the many calculations and techniques involved in home wiring installations. I hope this helps!
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