Everyone is talking about the Internet of Things, but how can we provide hundreds of millions of communication devices with the power necessary to work properly? The answer is undoubtedly: energy harvesting. The reason is very simple. Energy harvesting technology can allow the sensor to be released from the constraints of external power supply, fully realize the self-sufficiency of energy, so as to get rid of the limitations of wires and batteries, and open up flexible and diverse applications.
Energy is everywhere, at your fingertips, and it can be used just by collecting it. This is the purpose of energy harvesting. Today, wireless passive solutions based on energy harvesting technology have been quite successful in the field of intelligent building automation. However, this is only the beginning of the application of energy harvesting technology. In the future, battery-free wireless communication technology based on energy harvesting will be applied to all aspects of life, such as: structural health monitoring (SHM), water quality monitoring, forest fire prevention, smart city management, medical care industry, etc.
If we pay a little attention to the next research and development progress of wireless passive solutions based on energy harvesting technology, we will find that the implementation of these applications is not too far away from us. LaurentGiai-Miniet, CEO of German Sennen GmbH said:
Based on energy harvesting technology, in the field of building intelligence, many self-powered applications can operate normally with only small energy in the surrounding environment such as mechanical energy, indoor light energy, temperature difference energy, etc .: such as wireless passive switches, door and window magnets, smart door and window handles , Temperature and humidity sensors, illuminance sensors, human body infrared sensors, intelligent heating valves, and smart home systems. However, the application of energy harvesting technology is by no means limited to building automation or building intelligence.
At present, the energy harvesting market is rising and growing at an alarming rate. The growth of the German Sennen GmbH's business also reflects this. In the last quarter, EnOcean wireless passive module sales have increased significantly. At the same time, we predict that this growth momentum will continue, especially considering that the next generation of energy harvesting wireless passive solutions will be launched soon. Currently, the development of next-generation solutions includes:
Long distance communication
The next-generation self-powered wireless communication technology can achieve more than 10 times the current signal transmission distance, and the wireless signal transmission distance can reach 5 kilometers. Thanks to the breakthrough in transmission distance, new applications, such as outdoor applications with higher distance requirements, will become possible.
New energy source
This latest long-distance wireless communication technology uses an improved version of the energy converter, which enriches the energy source that can be collected and converted. In the near future, we will see new mechanical energy (kinetic energy) converters that can convert the kinetic energy generated by the flow of gases and liquids into electrical energy. And this breakthrough will help the field of smart meter reading.
The new light energy converter will also be greatly improved, the size of the solar panel is smaller, and the conversion efficiency is higher. Coupled with the improvement of energy storage efficiency, when the equipment powered by indoor light energy is fully charged, it is expected to work normally in completely dark conditions for months or even a year.
The use of temperature difference energy is still in a relatively preliminary development stage (the mature application is to use the temperature difference between the two ends of the metal). One of the research and development directions is to collect the temperature difference between day and night to provide energy for outdoor applications.
With the development of energy harvesting wireless communication technology, practical solutions will also appear in new application areas:
Structural Health Monitoring (SHM)
Large structures, such as bridges, tunnels, dams, or drilling platforms, need to resist strong external forces from weather, earthquakes, or traffic. Wireless sensors powered by light energy, temperature difference energy, or vibration energy can permanently monitor critical parameters, thereby alarming when abnormal values ​​occur, preventing structural damage / collapse. Similar products can also be used to warn of natural disasters such as avalanches and landslides.
The journey of the Internet of Things: the future of energy harvesting
Environmental monitoring
Long-distance self-powered wireless sensors can be placed outdoors to provide early warning or monitoring for farm animals and plants in large areas to quickly respond to environmental changes. For example, to prevent the spread of forest fires, or to ensure optimal care of plants / crops and water supply.
Resource monitoring
Humans have only one earth! Therefore, all resources need to be protected and used sustainably. In response to this, sensor networks that do not require batteries can collect required data, such as water quality, water quantity, and fish movement. In addition, self-powered wireless detectors can also report water, oil, and gas leaks.
Smart City
By 2030, 60% of the population will live in cities1 – equivalent to 6 billion people. At that time, intelligent monitoring will become an essential function of the city to coordinate people's daily lives and prevent the city from falling into chaos. A smart city should include the intelligent operation of various systems such as automated control of traffic, street lights, energy supply, logistics, drainage, etc. To achieve such a huge project, millions of self-powered sensor nodes are needed to collect and send the required data.
Medical care
It is another application field with broad prospects. Good medical care can significantly improve the quality of life, security and comfort. Applications in this area include new solutions that can monitor vital functions and healthy living conditions. There are already prototypes of self-powered bracelets that can monitor basic vital signs, and the energy source for the bracelet to monitor and send wireless signals is human body heat.
The above only enumerates some of the current research and development areas of battery-free wireless communication technology. In fact, the application of energy harvesting technology can be more, as long as we think about our daily life, we will find that energy harvesting wireless sensor technology countless applications are possible. As a leader at the forefront of energy harvesting wireless sensing technology, Germany's Energy also firmly believes that energy harvesting technology will change the world and make green intelligence easier.
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